ᓇᐅᔮᓐ
ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᓐᒥᙶᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓱᒃᖢᓂ ᐱᓱᒡᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᒐᔪᒃᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᒍᑦ, ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑏᑦ ᑎᑭᓐᓇᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓂᒋᕙᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓄᑦ. ᐱᕕᒃᓴᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐅᐸᒍᑎᓂᐊᖅᐳᑎᑦ ᑕᒪᐅᙵ, ᑕᑭᔫᖕᒪᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂᒃ ᑭᓛᒥᑕᓕᒃ ᑕᑭᓂᖓ.
ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓂᒋᕙᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ ᑑᓖᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ, ᐅᑉᓗᑕᒫᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᖅᓯᐅᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᖕᓂᒃ ᕿᓯᖕᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᓂᒃ.
ᓇᐅᔮᓐ ᐅᓂᑉᑳᖅᑐᐊᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᖃᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᖅ ᑎᑭᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᒃ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᖑᑎᒧᑦ. ᑕᓪᓕᒪᒋᔭᖓ ᑑᓕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ 1921-ᒥ 1925-ᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᑐᕐᑭᐅ ᒪᑎᓴᙳᓪᓗᓂ.
ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᑐᕿᐅ ᒪᑎᓴᓐ, ᓇᓂᓯᓚᐅᕐᓂᓂ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᒃᓴᕐᓂᒃᑯᓪᓗ. ᐃᒪᓐᓈᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᑉ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᖓᑕ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖓᓄᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ, ᒪᑎᓴᓐ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᓂᓗ ᐳᑭᑦ-ᓯᒥᑦᓗ ᐅᐸᒍᑎᓚᐅᖅᑑᒃ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᒧᑦ, ᑎᓯᐱᕆ 1921-ᒥ, ᑕᐃᑲᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᑐᖃᐃᑦ. ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᖑᑏᒃ ᐅᐱᒍᓱᒃᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᑦ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑑᑎᖃᕈᓐᓃᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᖏᑦᑕ ᓄᓇᒥ. ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᒃᑭᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᓂᖏᑦᑕ ᐃᒡᓗᑦ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᕌᓂᒃᓯᒪᙱᓐᓂᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᑕᐅᕙᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᐊᐃᕕᓕᖕᒥᐅᑦ. ᐱᔫᒥᒍᓱᓕᕈᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑕᑯᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓂᑦᑑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓇᐅᔮᓄᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᑐᖃᐃᑦ ᓅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᒧᑦ, ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑎᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒧᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒎᓕᖅᐸᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᔭᖅᑐᕐᓗᑎᒃ.
ᔫᓐ 1922-ᒥ, ᒪᑎᓴᓐ ᓄᓇᒥ ᐳᐊᕆᔭᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓇᐅᔮᑦ ᑕᓯᖓᑕ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᑦᑎᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᔾᔪᑎᖓᒍᑦ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓂᒃ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ. ᑕᓪᓕᒪᒋᔭᖓᒍᑦ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᓅᑲᑕᖕᓂᖃᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᑦ, ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑏᓂᔅ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᔭᕋᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ. ᒪᑎᓴᓐ ᖃᐅᔨᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖓ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᓯᓂᖃᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᑐᑭᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᒍ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᓂᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ.
ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ ᓱᑲᐃᑦᑑᓚᐅᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇ ᖁᐊᖑᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᑲᑎᖦᖢᒋᑦ 12 ᐃᒡᓗᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 60 ᑭᑉᐹᕆᒃᑐᑦ ᒦᑕᐅᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓗᑦᑐᖅᑎᕆᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᑦ (1 ᒦᑕᒥᒃ ᐃᑎᓂᓕᒃ) ᐳᐊᕆᔭᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐳᐊᕆᔭᐃᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐆᒃᑐᕋᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕆᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᓕᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓗᕕᓂᒃ, ᑲᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ 3,000 ᐅᖓᑖᓃᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᓱᓇᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓗᐃᑦᑐᕐᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᒧᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᐊᕙᑎᑦ ᐃᓅᑉ ᓂᐊᖁᖏᑦᑕ ᓴᐅᓂᖏᑦ.
ᐳᐊᕆᔭᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᒪᑎᓴᓐ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᒡᓗᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᓱᓇᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᕈᔪᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᐊᖏᓂᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ 4-ᒥ 5-ᒧᑦ ᒦᑕᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᑉᐸᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᒦᖦᖢᑎᒃ. ᑕᐃᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ 'ᕿᓇᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓅᖓᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ' ᓴᓂᕋᖏᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ, ᐃᑉᓱᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓂᐊᖁᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖁᓛᖓ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᒡᓕᕈᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑐᓕᒫᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑉᔪᕐᓄᑦ. ᐱᖁᑎᑐᖃᐃᑦ ᓇᓂᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓂᒃ ᓇᓂᑐᐃᓐᓈᖅᑐᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᙱᑦᑑᔭᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᕋᔪᒃᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᕐᓂᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᒪᑦᑎᑕᐅᑎᑦ, ᐱᑎᒃᓯᑦ, ᖃᕐᔪᖏᓪᓗ, ᐱᓚᐅᑎᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᕐᒧᓯᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ baleen-ᒧᑦ.
ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᒪᑎᓴᓐ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖃᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᙶᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᑐᖃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᕋᓂ ᖃᑉᓗᓈᓂᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ (ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐅᓂ) ᐱᖁᑎᓂᒃ ᐅᒃᐱᕈᓱᓕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᓄᓇ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂᑐᖄᓗᒃ ᕿᒪᒃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ. ᐅᒃᐱᕈᓱᒃᖢᓂᓗ ᓄᓇ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᓯᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒨᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᓄᓇ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᓯᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᕐᒪᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᖅᑳᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᓯᒡᔭᓗ ᓯᓕᒃᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᐅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ, ᓇᓗᓇᕋᓂ ᓯᓕᒃᓯᕚᓪᓕᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᖓ 13 ᒦᑕᒥᒃ.
ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, ᒫᑎᓴᓐ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᓇᓂᓯᓯᒪᓂᖓᒍᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑏᓪᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᑦᑕ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ. ᓇᓗᓇᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐳᐊᕆᔭᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓂ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᕐᓚᒃᑕᐅᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓇᓂᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅᑎᑐᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᖃᙱᓪᓚᕆᒃᑲᓗᐊᕆᓪᓗᓂ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, 8-ᓂᒃ 13-ᓄᑦ ᒦᑕᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ ᐃᒪᕐᒦᖦᖢᑎᒃ, ᖃᓂᑦᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓯᒡᔭᒦᒐᑎᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᓗᓇᕋᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑑᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗᖅᑑᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ, ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ, ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᖅᓯᒪᓐᓂᑯᐃᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᕕᓃᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐊᓯᐊᒍᓪᓕᑦᑕᐅᖅ, ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᕕᒐᓕᐅᖅᐸᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᐳᒻᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᒦᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐳᐃᔩᑦ ᓱᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓇᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓕᕆᓪᓗᓂ ᒫᑎᓴᓐ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓯᒪᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑦ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂᑐᖄᓗᒃ ᐅᑉᓗᒥᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ. ᑕᐃᓕᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᑖᑉᑯᐊ ᑑᓕᒥᒃ, ᖃᐅᔨᖅᑳᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᑐᖃᕐᓂᒃ ᑰᒪ ᒥᑎᓐᒥ ᑑᓕ ᖃᓂᖓᓂ, ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᑐᒡᓕᐊᒍᑦ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᓇᐅᔮᑦ ᓄᓇᖓ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ, ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐳᐊᕆᔭᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖅᐹᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖓᒍᑦ.
ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑕᐅᖅᑳᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᓂᑉᑳᓕᐊᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ 1920 ᕿᑎᕈᔪᐊᓂ, ᐃᓂᖅᑎᕆᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ. ᓄᑖᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᕈᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᒫᑎᓴᓐ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᑎᖦᖢᒋᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᑐᖄᓂᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ. ᐅᑉᓗᒥᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᒋᑦ ᐅᑉᓗᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᖕᓂ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ:
| ᓯᕗᓂᐊᒍᑦ-ᑐᐊᓯᑦ | 1500 B.C. – 800 B.C. |
| ᑐᐊᓯᑦ | 800 B.C. – A.D. 1000 |
| ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑳᖅᑐᑦ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ | A.D. 1000 – A.D. 1200 |
| ᖃᑯᒍᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ | A.D. 1200 – A.D. 1610 |
| ᒫᓐᓇᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ | A.D. 1610 – ᐅᑉᓗᒥᒧᑦ |
ᒫᓐᓇᓵᖑᓯᒪᔪᕐᓕ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖓ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓚᕆᓗᐊᒧᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓗᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᓚ ᐅᖁᖅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᒍᑦ (ᖃᓂᖓᓂ A.D. 1000). ᐅᖁᖅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓯᑯᖃᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᑎᖅᑕᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᖏᔪᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒧᑦ. ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᕋᓱᒍᑏᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ, ᐃᑲᔫᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓐᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᖁᑎᖃᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓱᑲᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ.
'ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑳᖅᑐᑦ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ' ᓇᓗᓇᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᑭᒃᑰᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᒡᓗᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᖁᓛᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᓪᓚᕆᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᓇᓱᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, ᓅᑲᑕᖅᑳᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᓯᓚ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᖕᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᑯᖃᓪᓚᕆᓕᕆᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ. ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐳᐃᔩᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᒃᑐᑦ ᐃᓇᖏᖅᓯᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᕿᓇᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᓂᕿᒋᔭᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐳᑎ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᖢᓂ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ 400 ᐅᑭᐅᓅᖓᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ 'ᖃᑯᒍᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ' ᐃᓄᖁᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᐃᑲᙵᑦ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ. ᐃᓱᒪᒋᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑕᑉᑑᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓅᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑑᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖓ, ᓇᓗᓇᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓅᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖏᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑳᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᑉᓗᓈᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᕙᒃᑕᖏᑦ.
ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, ᓇᓗᓇᙱᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᒫᑎᓴ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖏᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᑐᙵᕕᓕᐅᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ 60-ᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐃᑦᓴᕐᓂᑕᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ.
ᕗᐊᑦ ᕼᐅᑉ ᓂᐊᖁᙳᒥ (ᔮᓐ ᕇ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔭᖓ ᐃᒡᓗ)
ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒃᑲᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᒥ ᕿᓂᕋᓱᐊᖅᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᑐᕋᓱᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᒪᖓᓂ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᒃᓴᒥ ᐅᒥᐊᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᐊᕙᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᖕᒧᑦ. ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑐᔪᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᖑᑎᓄᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᐃᔭᕈᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂᓗ 300-ᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᓂᒃ. ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᖏᑦ ᐆᒃᑑᑕᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᕋᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ, 1800 ᕿᑎᕈᔪᐊᓂ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᕈᒪᔭᐅᓪᓚᕆᒃᓯᒪᓂᑯ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᓪᓚᕆᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ.
1846-ᖑᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᔮᓐ ᕇ ᑎᑭᓐᓇᓱᐊᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᖅᖢᓂ, ᓄᓇᙳᐊᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᕈᓘᔭᓕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ. ᑎᑭᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᔮᓐ ᕇ ᑎᑭᖅᑳᖅᑎᓐᓇᒍ ᐄᑐᐊᖅ ᐱᐊᕆ, ᔪᐊᔾᔨ ᐸᒃ, ᐄᑐᐊᖅ ᓴᐱᓐ, ᔮᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᔭᐃᒪᓯ ᕌᔅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᔮᓐ ᕗᕋᐃᖕᒃᓚᓐ 1818−ᒥ, ᓚᐃᐊᓐ (1825), ᐱᐊᕆ (1829 ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 1833), ᔮᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᔭᐃᒪᓯ ᑲᓛᒃ ᕌᔅ (1829-33), ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐹᒃ (1836). ᓄᓇᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᕗᕋᐃᖕᓚᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᔮᓐ ᕆᑦᓱᑦᓴᓐ, ᐸᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᓰᔅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᒻᓴᓐ. ᑖᑉᑯᐊ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᕇᒥᒃ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑎᓪᓗᒍ.
ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᒪᑦ ᕇ ᐊᑕᐅᓰᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓯᒡᔭᒦᑦᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᑑᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ: ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᓯᒋᐊᖅᒪᓪᓗᓂ Great Fish River ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ (Castor ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Pollux ᑰᖓᓂ) Fury ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Hecla Strait-ᒧᑦ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ Melville Peninsula-ᐅᑉ. ᑏᔅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᒻᓴᓐ ᐃᓚᓯᒋᐊᖅᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᓂᕆᓐᓂᐅᔪᒥ ᐱᖓᖕᓇᖓᓄᑦ Castor ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Pollux ᑰᖓᓂ 1839-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᒻᓴᓐ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔨᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓚᓯᒋᐊᕈᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᒧᙵᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᔪᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᓕᐊᖑᔪᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᓯᒡᔭᒃᑯᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, ᓯᒻᓴᓐ ᐃᓅᔪᓐᓃᑲᐅᑎᒋᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᔪᙱᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔪᒪᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᒥ ᕿᓂᕆᐊᖅᑎᒥᒃ ᑲᒪᔪᓐᓇᕋᔭᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᓕᕆᓂᐅᓇᔭᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᓯᒻᓴᓐᒧᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᓯᖁᑉᓗᒍᓗ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᔪᓐᓃᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ Boothia Peninsula-ᑯᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ, ᑏᔅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᒻᓴᓐ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ Boothia Peninsula ᕿᑭᖅᑕᐅᓂᕋᖅᖢᒍ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Gulf of Boothia ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᖃᕐᓂᕋᖅᖢᒍ Great Fish River Estuary-ᒧᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, ᔭᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᔭᐃᒪᓯ ᕌᔅ, ᓄᓇᒥ ᕿᓂᕆᐊᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ 1829-ᒥ 1833-ᒧᑦ, ᐅᒃᐱᕈᓱᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᐅᔪᕕᓂᖅ Boothia-ᑰᓚᐅᙱᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᙶᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ. ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᔪᓐᓃᖅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᕌᓪᓚᑦᑖᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᓯᓯᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᖅ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᔪᓐᓃᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᓯᓂᖃᓪᓚᕆᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᕕᓂᖅ.
ᑕᐃᒪᓕ ᔭᓐ ᕇ, ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᖢᐊᖅᓴᐃᔨ ᐱᓕᕆᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂ, ᐱᓕᕆᑎᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 1846-ᒥ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓄᑦ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓇᐅᔮᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕆᐊᖅᑐᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂ. ᓄᓇᒥ ᑲᒪᔨᓪᓚᑦᑖᖑᓇᓂ, ᐃᖢᐊᖅᓴᐃᔨ ᕇ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᓪᓚᕆᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔪᙱᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᒥᖓ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᖃᓴᕋᐃᓇᓂ. ᓴᓇᖃᑎᖓ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᕇᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᖢᓂ:
"ᓴᙱᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᖅᑲᕈᓐᓇᕋᓂ, ᐱᓕᕆᒃᑲᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ, ᐃᓄᑦᑕᐅᓪᓚᕆᒃᖢᓂᓗ. ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔨᒋᔭᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᐳᑎᒃᑯᒡᒎᖅ ᐱᓱᒍᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᔪᙱᑦᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ, ᖁᑭᐅᓯᕆᓂᕐᓗ ᐊᔪᙱᓪᓚᕆᒃᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᖃᓴᕋᐃᑦᑑᖏᖦᖢᓂ..." (ᒥᑦᓱ 1936)
ᔫᓐ 1846−ᒥ, ᕋᐃ ᔪᐊᒃ ᕚᒃᑐᕆᒥᙶᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᐊᖑᑎᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ 22' ᐅᒥᐊᑦ. ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓇᐅᔮᓄᑦ ᔪᓚᐃ 25-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑳᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᓄᓇᕋᓛᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑭᓐᓇᓱᒃᖢᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓄᑦ. ᑎᑭᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑦᑎᖅᖢᓂᐅᒃ ᓄᓇ ᑕᐅᕙᓂ Committee Bay-ᒥᒃ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᑦᑎᐊᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᔾᔮᖏᓐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᑦᑎᐊᕈᓐᓇᔾᔮᖏᓐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᒥ ᓯᑯᖃᓗᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓯᒡᔭ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, ᕋᐃ ᐅᑎᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓇᐅᔮᓄᑦ ᐊᒐᓯ 10-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐸᕐᓇᒃᖢᓂ ᑕᐃᑲᓃᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᓗᒃᑖᒃᑯᑦ.
ᑕᐃᑲᓃᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᕇ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᒋᔭᖏᑦ ᓴᓇᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᒡᓗᒥ Fort Hope-ᒥ. ᐃᓱᒪᑲᐅᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᔪᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᒥ ᐱᓯᒪᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᒐᓛᓂᒃ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᕐᒥᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᕇ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓕᐅᓂᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᑭᖑᕚᖏᑦ ᓴᓇᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓐᓂᕐᒪᑕ ᓯᑳᑦᓚᓐᒥ ᐅᔭᕋᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᑰᑉ ᖃᓂᖓᓂ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ. ᐃᒡᓗᓕᐅᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒐᓯ 18ᒥ, ᐃᒡᓗ 20 feet-ᓂᒃ ᑕᑭᓂᓕᒃ ᓯᓕᖕᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ 14 feet-ᓂᒃ ᐱᐊᓂᒍᓐᓇᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ ᓯᑎᐱᕆ 2-ᒥ. ᑕᑭᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ 7.5 feet-ᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᑎᒃᓯᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ 5.5 feet-ᓄᑦ ᑐᓄᐊᒍᑦ ᖁᓛᖓ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐸᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᒥᐊᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᑉᓗᓈᖅᑕᕐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᒃᑐᕙᐃᑦ ᐊᒥᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᓴᓂᕋᖏᑦ ᓯᓕᖕᓂᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ 2 feet-ᓂᒃ ᐃᒐᓛᖃᕐᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ.
ᐃᒡᓗᓕᐅᖅᓯᒫᓂᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᖃᑦᑎᐊᓕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᓗᒃᑖᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᕇ ᐸᕐᓇᒃᓯᒪᑦᑎᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᑭᔪᓄᑦ ᑕᖅᑭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᖃᐃᔪᓄᑦ. ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᑦᑎᐊᖅᓯᒪᙱᖅᑳᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒥᓄᑦ, ᕇ ᓄᖅᑲᖓᑐᐃᓐᓇᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᒥ ᐃᒃᑮᕐᓇᖅᑐᐊᓘᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᖃᐅᓯᕐᓈᓗᒃᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑖᖅᑐᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᖑᓇᓱᙱᓕᕌᖓᒥ, ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᑯᐊᓛᖅᑑᑉ ᖃᓂᖓᓂ ᖁᓪᓕᐅᑉ ᖃᓂᖓᓂ. ᖁᕕᐊᓱᖕᓇᐅᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᕇ ᓂᕆᑎᑦᑎᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᕉᖅ ᑕᐃᑲᓃᖃᑎᒋᔭᒥᓂ ᐃᒥᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂᓗ "ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒃᑐᐊᓘᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᓚᐅᓱᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ".
ᓇᓗᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᕇ ᓇᒡᓕᒋᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᑲᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᑎᑦᑎᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ. ᓄᓇᒥᓗ ᐃᓅᓇᓱᒍᓐᓇᕐᓂᖓ ᓇᓗᓇᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓂᕿᓕᔭᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᓈᒻᒪᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓯᑕᒪᓄᑦ ᑕᖅᑭᓄᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓇᐅᔮᓃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 14-ᓂᒃ ᑕᖅᑭᓂᒃ. ᕇ ᑎᑭᖃᑎᒋᔭᓂᓗ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᑎᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓅᕌᓂᒃᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᔪᓐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᕇ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒍᓐᓇᕐᓂᖓ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᐊᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖓᓗ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔪᙱᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐱᑕᖅᓯᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᒻᒪᕆᖕᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᑭᓯᒪᖃᑎᒋᔭᖏᑦᑕ ᐱᑕᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᑲᑎᓗᒃᑖᖅᖢᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᐱᑕᖅᓯᓯᒪᔪᖅ.
ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᔪᒪᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᓂ ᕇ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᖑᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ Fort Hope-ᒥ ᐃᐱᕆ 5, 1847-ᒥ. ᐃᑳᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐊᓛᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᕌᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᒍᑦ Committee Bay-ᑯᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᓗᒃᑖᕐᒥᓄᑦ Lord Mayor's Bay-ᒧᑦ, ᓄᓇ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᓕᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᔭᐃᒪᓯ ᑲᓛᒃ ᕌᔅᒧᑦ ᕕᒃᑐᕆ ᓄᓇᓕᐊᖅᓯᒪᓂᒃᑯᑦ. ᐅᑎᕐᒪᑦ ᕇ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᒥ ᓯᒡᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᖃᑕᐅᙱᖦᖢᒍ ᐊᕐᕕᓕᒡᔪᐊᖅ. ᕇ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᖓ ᐃᑳᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕐᕕᓕᒡᔪᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓱᑐᐃᓐᓇᙱᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᔪᓐᓃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑎᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᖕᓕᓐᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᒃᑲᓐᓂᕋᓱᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒪᖃᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᒥ ᐊᕐᕕᓕᒡᔪᐊᑉ ᐃᓱᐊᓂ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, ᕇ ᓈᒻᒪᒃᓴᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᒥᓂ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓗᒃᑖᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᐅᓯᒪᓂᑰᓂᖓᓄᓪᓗ ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᒪᖓᒍᑦ. ᕇ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᓂᓗ ᐅᑎᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ Fort Hope-ᒧᑦ ᒪᐃ 5-ᒥ.
ᒪᐃ 13-ᖑᓕᕐᒪᑦ, ᕇ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᓕᐅᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅᖢᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ Melville Peninsula-ᐅᑉ. ᕿᓚᒥᐊᓗᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᓂᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ 8 ᒪᐃᓖᑦ Fury-ᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Hecla Strait-ᑯᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᑎᕆᐊᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓂᕿᖃᑦᑎᐊᙱᓐᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑐᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᒃᑰᖅᑳᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᐅᑭᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ Fort Hope-ᒧᑦ ᔫᓐ 9-ᒥ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, ᕇ ᐱᐊᓂᒃᓯᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒥᓂᒃ. ᓄᓇᙳᐊᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ 650 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ ᓄᑖᓂᒃ ᓯᒡᔭᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᖃᑕᐅᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᕌᔅ Boothia-ᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖓᓂ ᐱᐅᕆᓗ Melville Peninsula-ᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒪᔭᖓᒍᑦ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ (ᐱᖃᑕᐅᓇᒍ ᓄᓇ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᕐᕕᓕᒡᔪᐊᕐᒥ) Boothia Peninsula-ᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑏᔅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᒻᓴᓐ ᐅᖃᖅᒪᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ.
ᕇ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᓂ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ Fort Hope-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᒪᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᐊᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᒐᓯ 12, 1847-ᒥ ᕇ ᐅᑎᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᖕᓕᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᐸᕆᒥ ᑕᐃᑲᓂᑦᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᒥ. ᐅᑎᕐᒪᑦ ᕇ ᑐᓴᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓱᒫᓘᑕᐅᔪᒥ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᐊᓕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᓂ 7-ᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᓂᒃ ᖃᐃᔪᓂᒃ. ᕇ ᐅᑎᒃᑲᓐᓂᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᐃᖅᖢᓂ ᕿᓂᖅᖢᓂ ᕗᕋᐃᖕᓕᓐ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᖃᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓕᖅᑐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒨᕐᒪᑦ 1853-54-ᒥ, ᕇ ᓇᐅᔮᓃᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ. ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᑲᔫᑕᐅᓪᓚᕆᖕᒪᑕ ᐃᒡᓗᕕᒐᐃᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᐳᑎᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕕᒐᕐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᕐᒥ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᒥ ᐃᒡᓗᒦᙱᖔᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᓇᐸᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ Fort Hope-ᒥ. ᓇᐅᔮᓃᓕᕐᒥᑎᓗᒍ ᕇ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓚᐅᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᕗᕇᖕᒃᓕᓐ ᐅᒥᐊᕆᔭᖏᑦ 'Erebus' ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 'terror'.
Fort Hope ᐅᐸᒃᑕᐅᒃᑲᓐᓂᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᕼᐊᓪ ᓇᐅᔮᓃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᑕᒪᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐸᒍᑎᓪᓗᓂ Fort Hope-ᒧᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ 1865-66-ᒥ. ᑕᐃᑲᓃᑦᑐᒪᓗᐊᕐᓇᓂ ᓂᒡᓕᓇᖅᑐᒥ, ᑲᔾᔮᕐᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᒡᓗᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᔾᔮᕈᓱᒃᖢᓂ ᕇ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᐊᖅᓯᒪᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᕙᑎᒥ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒥ.
"...ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᙱᓐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᒃᑲᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᒃᑲᐅᓂᖓᓄᓪᓗ. ᐱᓱᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ 10,490 ᑭᓛᒥᑕᒥᒃ ᓯᑕᒪᐃᖅᖢᓂ ᑎᑭᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ 10,700 ᑭᓛᒥᑕᒥᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᓛᒃᑯᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᖑᐊᓕᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ 2,825 ᑭᓛᒥᑕᒥᒃ ᐅᐸᒃᑕᐅᓵᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᐱᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᒍ 2,480 ᓄᑖᑦ ᑭᓛᒥᑕᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂ. ᐃᓱᒪᖅᑯᖅᑐᔪᐊᓘᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᑦᑎᐊᒃᑳᓘᓪᓗᓂ, ᑎᑎᕋᑦᑎᐊᔪᓪᓗᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖢᐊᖅᓴᐃᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᐃᓄᑦᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ, ᖁᕕᐊᓇᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ, ᐃᑲᔪᕈᒪᒃᑲᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᒃᑲᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᓄᑯᑎᕆᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᒃᑲᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓇᓱᒃᖢᓂ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᐃᔭᕐᓇᐅᙱᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᖃᒃᑲᓐᓂᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓂᓗ. ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᔪᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᕆᖃᑦᑕᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᒧᙵᐅᓂᕆᖃᑦᑕᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᖑᓇᓱᖕᓂᕆᕙᒃᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒡᓗᕕᒐᓕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕈᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᓱᓕᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᒥᓂ." (ᕼᐅᔅᑕᓐ, 1987)
ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᒡᓗ Fort Hope-ᒥ ᓇᐸᔪᖅ ᓱᓕ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᔪᖏᑦᑐᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᖑᒻᒥᒃ, ᐃᖢᐊᖅᓴᐃᔨ ᔮᓐ ᕇ.
Ship Harbour ᕿᑭᖅᑕᐃᑦ
Ship Harbour ᕿᑭᖅᑕᐃᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᖃ 15 ᕿᑭᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓇᐅᔮᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᑕ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓃᑦᑐᑦ. ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥ ᑭᓛᒥᑕᒥᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᓖᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᐃᑦ ᐱᕈᖅᑐᓖᑦ ᐅᔭᕋᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ. ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖅ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖅ, ᐊᖏᓂᓕᒃ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᑭᓛᒥᑕᒥᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥ ᑭᓛᒥᑕᒧᑦ, ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᒥᑭᔪᓂᒃ ᑰᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᓯᕐᒨᐊᖓᔪᑦ.
ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑎᖏᑦᑕ ᐅᒥᐊᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ 1800 ᐱᒋᐊᓕᓵᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ. ᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᐅᖅᓱᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᖅᑲᖏᓪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᖕᒪᑕ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᒡᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᑐᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᓪᓕᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᐸᒃᑕᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦᑎᒍᓪᓗ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᕕᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᐃᕕᑎ ᓯᑐᕇᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᒻᐳᓚᓐ ᓴᐅᓐ ᐃᓂᖓ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 1800-ᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, 1900 ᕿᑎᕈᔪᐊᓂ ᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᓱᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᒪᔪᖃᒻᒪᕆᒃᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᓄᖑᑉᐹᓪᓕᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᕕᑎ ᓯᑐᕇᑦᒥ, ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐅᐸᒍᑎᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᒧᑦ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᕐᒧᑦ. ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᐃᕕᑎ ᓯᑐᕇᑦᒥᐅᖓᓂ, ᐊᕐᕕᐊᓗᐃᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐅᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ 50 ᐅᑭᐅᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ. 1915-ᖑᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᖃᑉᓰᓐᓇᕈᖅᓯᒪᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐃᓇᖏᖅᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᐅᖅᓱᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᖅᑲᐃᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᒥᖅᑯᓕᖕᓄᑦ.
ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᐃᕕᑎ ᓯᑐᕇᑦᒦᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑳᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑐᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᒥ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᖢᐊᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ. ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ "ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᒦᖃᑦᑕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ" ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᓂᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕈᓐᓇᕈᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᐅᖅᑳᖅᑎᓐᓇᒋᑦ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑐᔪᒃᑯᑦ, ᐱᒋᐊᓕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ. ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕈᑎᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ, ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐳᕆᑎᔅᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᑎᑭᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᓯᑯ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓕᑐᐊᕌᖓᑦ, ᐊᐅᔭᐅᑉ ᕿᑎᐊᒍᑦ. ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓰᑦ ᐊᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ, ᐃᒪᖏᑦ ᓯᑯᖃᙱᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᒃᓯᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᓯᑎᐱᕆᐅᑉ ᓄᙳᐊᓂ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓱᓕᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖑᔪᖅ ᑕᑭᔫᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᓂᓪᓕᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᐱᕆᐅᑉ ᓄᙳᕈᔪᐊᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᒪᐃ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᑦ ᓯᑯᓕᐊᕈᔾᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓯᓈᓕᐊᕈᔾᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᐱᕐᖔᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓕᕈᓐᓇᖁᑉᓗᒍ. ᓯᑯᖃᕈᓐᓃᕌᖓᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᕈᓐᓇᓕᕌᖓᑕ, ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᖃᑦᑕᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᐅᖅᑳᕋᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐊᒃᓵᒃᑯᑦ.
"ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᔪᖅᖠᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ" ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᑖᒧᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒧᑦ: ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ. ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᑎᑦᑎᔪᒪᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᐃᑲᔫᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᕈᓘᔭᒃᑯᑦ. ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓗᐊᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓪᓚᕆᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᕿᑖᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑖᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᓗᕆᐊᓇᖅᑐᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᕈᑎᒃᓴᖃᕋᔭᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ. ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᑎᑭᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᑦᑎᐊᖅᓯᒪᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᖕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᒪᖅ ᓂᒡᓕᓇᖅᑑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᖏᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᑎᑕᐅᒐᔪᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᑉᓗᓇᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᓂᒃ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᖅᑕᖏᑦᑕ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᑎᑭᖃᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ. ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒃᑯᑦ, ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑎᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᒪᔪᓐᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᕐᓂ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᑲᐅᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ. ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖁᑭᐅᑏᑦ, ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᑦ, ᐱᖁᑎᑦ, ᕿᙳᑏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᑐᕆᐊᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᑦ, ᐱᖁᑎᑦ ᐊᑐᕋᔪᙱᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ.
ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᒪᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑭᐴᑎᔪᒪᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓗᖕᓄᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᒃᑯᑦ. ᑲᑎᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᓂ ᓂᒋᐊᑕ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᖓᓂ ᓯᒡᔭᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕉᔅ ᕕᐅᑲᒻ ᓴᐅᓐᒥ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᓯᐅᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᕙᓂ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᐅᖅᓱᕆᐊᓂ, ᑏᐸᑦ ᐊᐃᓚᓐᒥ, ᑮᑉ ᕗᓗᑎᓐᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ. ᓄᓇᒥ ᐃᓅᓇᓱᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᐅᓯᖃᑦᑕᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᑉᓗᓈᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᒥᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ 200 ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᖦᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᕕᖕᓂ. ᓴᓇᔭᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᐱᔫᒥᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᕕᖕᓂ ᕉᔅ ᕕᐅᑲᒻ ᓴᐅᓐᒥ ᑲᑎᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᔫᒥᒍᓱᒃᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑑᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᓖᑦ. ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᑎᒍᑦ ᓴᐅᓐ ᓄᓇᖓ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᑉ ᐊᐃᕕᓕᖕᒥᐅᑕᖁᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᓅᑦᑐᖃᖃᑦᑕᓕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᓇᑦᑎᓕᖕᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᑭᖕ ᕕᓕᔭᒻ ᐊᐃᓕᒻᒥᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐃᒡᓗᓕᖕᒥᐅᑦ ᒥᐅᕕᐅ ᐱᓂᔅᓯᓚᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᓂᐱᑐᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒑᕐᔪᖕᒥ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᓄᓇᑖᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᖃᓂᖓᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᐅᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐅᑭᐅᓗᒃᑖᒧᑦ. ᑭᐅᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕋᔭᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐱᔪᒪᔭᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕈᓐᓇᕐᒥᔪᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑐᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ. ᒧᒥᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᑕᑯᕋᓐᓈᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᒡᒍᓴᐅᔾᔪᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᖃᑕᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᓪᓗ.
ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᖃᑉᓰᓐᓇᕈᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᖕᓂᖅᓴᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓕᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᐃᓱᒪᓂᐅᖓᓂ. ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ, ᐃᓕᑕᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑦᑎᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑭᓐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᒥᓂ, ᐅᔾᔨᖅᑐᑦᑎᐊᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᕈᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ. ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᓪᓚᕆᖃᑦᑕᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᓇᑎᑕᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᔾᔨᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑳᕋᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᑐᕈᒫᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ.
ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᑭᐅᓗᒃᑖᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᑳᓐᑐᕌᒃᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᐃᑎᓂᖅᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᓯᓂᖃᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓂ 200 ᐅᑭᐅᓂ ᖄᖏᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᕿᓂᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᕈᓐᓇᐃᓪᓕᖃᑦᑕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᑭᓯᒪᓚᐅᐱᓪᓚᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᐊᓂᖕᒪᑦ 1915−ᒥ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᑕ ᐱᖓᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᖓᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓚᕆᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᑳᓐᑐᕌᒃᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓗᓂ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᓇᐅᔮᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒦᓐᓂᖅᐹᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᔪᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᕈᔅ ᕕᐅᑲᒻ ᓴᐅᓐᒥ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖃᑎᒌᓐᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᖦᖢᑎᒃ. ᓄᓇᖅᑲᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᐃᕕᓕᖕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᖅᑳᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᓇᔨᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᐊᕐᓇᖕᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ.
ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑭᐴᑎᖃᑦᑕᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᒃᓴᖅᑖᕈᑎᒃᓴᓄᑦ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓕᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᖕᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ 'ᐱᓕᕆᓪᓚᕆᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᐱᓕᖅᑕᐃᓕᒐᑎᒃ' ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓃᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ 1892-3−ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 1896-7−ᒥᓗ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂ. ᑭᖑᓂᐊᓂ 'ᐱᓕᕆᓪᓚᕆᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᐱᓕᖅᑕᐃᓕᓪᓗᑎᒃ' ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ 'ᐸᓕᑏᓇᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ' ᓂᐅ ᐱᐊᑦᕗᑦ, ᒪᓯᑎᐅᓴᑦᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕌᔅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᔭᖓᑐᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓪᓚᕆᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ:
"ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ Ship Harbour Island− ᒥ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓇᑭᙶᖅᓯᒪᕈᓘᔭᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ. ᐸᓕᑏᓇᒃᑯᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᖕᓇᒥ ᓂᕆᑎᑦᑎᖕᒪᑕ ᒧᒥᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓃᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐱᖓᓲᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᓂᙶᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᒃᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ. ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᖅᑐᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᑉᓯᐅᓂᖏᑦ 35−ᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᒃᓴᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᓇᑭᙶᕈᓘᔭᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖅᑏᓪᓗ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓅᖄᑎᒌᖕᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᑭᙶᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓇᕈᓐᓃᖅᖢᑎᒃ." (ᕌᔅ, 1973)
ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᖓᒍᑦ, ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᔪᐊᔾᔨ ᑰᒧᒧᑦ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕋᔪᒃᑐᖅ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓇᐅᔮᓂ ᓇᐅᔮᓪᓗ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖓᓂ. ᑰᒧ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᐅᔮᓃᓚᐅᙱᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓇᔪᕈᒪᖔᖅᖢᓂᐅᒃ ᑮᑉ ᕗᓗᑎᓐ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᐸᑦ ᐊᐃᓚᓐ, ᑲᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᑦᑎᐊᕙᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᐃᕕᓕᖕᒥᐅᑦ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ. ᑎᑎᕋᕆᐊᓕᓵᖅᖢᓂ ᕌᔅ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓇᐅᔮᑦ ᐱᖃᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓄᑦ, ᐱᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑎᐸᑦ ᐊᐃᓕᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᑉ ᕗᓕᑎᓐᒧᑦ, ᐱᔫᒥᒋᔭᐅᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᕐᕕᐅᓇᔭᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᑯᑎᒃᑯᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐳᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᕐᓄᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑑᑕᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ" (ᕌᔅ 1984). ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᐱᑕᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓯᑲᑎᔅ ᐅᒥᐊᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ, 'ᐆᕐᓂᔅ ᕕᓕᐊᒻ' "ᖃᑉᓯᑲᓪᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᓇᐅᔮᓃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓕᐊᓐ ᐃᓐᓕᑦ 1903 ᑭᖑᓂᐊᓂ, ᐊᐅᓚᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕐᕙᖕᓂᐊᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑭᐴᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ."